术后恶心呕吐(postoperative nausea and vomiting，PONV)是患者手术后最常见的症状之一。
PONV增加患者误吸、吸入性肺炎风险，影响术后伤口愈合、导致伤口崩裂出血等，可引起血电解质酸碱平衡紊乱等。
PONV的风险因素众多，已知其受手术类型、手术持续的时间、******药物和方法及术前焦虑等多种因素的影响。绝大多数患者在术后24小时发生PONV，呕吐前会出现明显恶心。
但，这一个风险因素你可能并不知道，那是什么呢？
术中体温对小儿术后恶心呕吐的影响
目的：
儿童患者围手术期体温过低和术后恶心呕吐（PONV）的风险更大。
本研究的主要目的是调查******儿童术中体温与PONV之间是否存在关系。
第二个目的是研究PONV与术中*********使用、年龄和手术时间之间的关系。
设计：
前瞻性队列研究方法：该研究包括80名接受下腹部手术的儿童。
在常规术前准备和标准诱导后监测体温。
术后第30分钟、第6小时、第12小时和第24小时评估镇痛和止吐需求以及恶心和呕吐情况。
结果：
对有或无PONV的儿童进行比较。
术后6小时，平均体温低于36°C的儿童恶心发生率更高，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.044；P<0.05）。
PONV患儿的平均手术时间在统计学上显著延长（P=0.001；P=0.004；P<0.05）。
在比较有呕吐和无呕吐的儿童时，平均体温没有统计学意义（P>0.05）。
结论：
虽然体温低于36°C会增加术后恶心的发生率，但不会增加呕吐的发生率。
儿童患者手术时间长导致PONV发病率增加。
虽然没有统计学意义，但术中*********给药患者的PONV发生率是对照组的两倍多。
关键词：
儿科病人；围手术期低温；术后恶心呕吐。
英语日积月累
Body Temperature体温
there is有
duration of operation运行持续时间
abdominal surgery腹部外科
antiemetic止吐剂；抗吐剂; 止呕吐的
原文摘要
The Effect of Intraoperative Body Temperature on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Pediatric Patients
Purpose:
Pediatric patients are at greater risk for both perioperative hypothermia and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between intraoperative body temperature and PONV in children undergoing anesthesia. The secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between PONV and intraoperative fentanyl use, age and duration of operation.
Design:
A prospective cohort study METHODS: The study included 80 children who were undergoing lower abdominal surgery. Body temperature was monitored after routine preoperative preparation and standard induction. Analgesic and antiemetic requirements and the presence of nausea and vomiting were assessed postoperatively on the 30th minute and the 6th, 12th and 24th hour.
Findings:
The children with or without PONV were compared. At the postoperative 6th hour, the incidence of nausea was statistically significant in the children with a mean body temperature below 36°C (P = 0.044; P < 0.05). The mean duration of the surgery was statistically significant longer in the children with PONV (P = 0.001; P = 0.004; P <0.05). Mean body temperature was not statistically significant when comparing children with and without vomiting(P > 0.05).
Conclusion:
While a body temperature below 36°C increases the incidence of postoperative nausea, it does not cause an increase in the incidence of vomiting. A long operation time in pediatric patients causes an increase in the incidence of PONV. Although not statistically significant, PONV is encountered more than twice as much in patients receiving intraoperative fentanyl administration.
Keywords:
pediatric patient;
perioperative hypothermia;
postoperative nausea and vomiting.
